I was a pain management patient for a year and now I have low test levels when they were fine before even with cycle. So I was researching the effects of endogenous peptide hormones on the endocrine system because hypogonadism/low testosterone effects up to 74% of people on pain medications. Anyway, I came across some interesting research that I think could benefit PCT and also explains why HCG is suppressive on its own:
Endogenous opioids like endorphin and enkephalins (also exogenous ones like morphine or oxy) potentiate the negative feedback mechanism testosterone has on the hypothalamic/pituitary/gonadal axis.
Furthermore, studies indicate that HCG causes an increase in testicular interstitial levels of both testosterone and β-endorphin. The increased testicular secretion of β-endorphin serves in a paracrine function and travels to the hypothalamus to contribute to the negative feedback of LH secretion in the presence of testosterone. It's a 1, 2 punch to the hypothalamus to signal it to stop the production of LH and ultimately lower testosterone levels (because the body wants balance).
Anyway, this is where it gets more interesting - the administration of opioid antagonists like naloxone (or oral naltrexone) causes a significant increase in both the amplitude and the frequency of LH secretion.
Naloxone-induced increases in serum luteinizing hormone in the male: mechanisms of action.
http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/212/3/573.short
Effect of Endogenous Opioid Blockade on the Amplitude and Frequency of Pulsatile Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Normal Men
http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/jcem-54-4-854
Use of naltrexone as a provocative test for hypothalamic-pituitary hormone function
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0091305786903564
I think that adding low-dose naltrexone to our regimens could potentially be used on cycle to lessen the shutdown of the HPG axis or possibly be used during PCT to bring your endogenous testosterone back online faster and therefore keeping more of your gains. Food for thought bros. Anyone have any thoughts on this?
Endogenous opioids like endorphin and enkephalins (also exogenous ones like morphine or oxy) potentiate the negative feedback mechanism testosterone has on the hypothalamic/pituitary/gonadal axis.
Role of endogenous opiates in the expression of negative feedback actions of androgen and estrogen on pulsatile properties of luteinizing hormone secretion in man.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC425183/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC425183/
Endogenous Opioids Participate in the Regulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Luteinizing Hormone Axis and Testosterone's Negative Feedback Control of Luteinizing Hormone
http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/endo-104-5-1286
Inhibition of Luteinizing Hormone Release by Morphine and Endogenous Opiates in Cultured Pituitary Cells
http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/endo-118-5-2097
http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/endo-104-5-1286
Inhibition of Luteinizing Hormone Release by Morphine and Endogenous Opiates in Cultured Pituitary Cells
http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/endo-118-5-2097
Furthermore, studies indicate that HCG causes an increase in testicular interstitial levels of both testosterone and β-endorphin. The increased testicular secretion of β-endorphin serves in a paracrine function and travels to the hypothalamus to contribute to the negative feedback of LH secretion in the presence of testosterone. It's a 1, 2 punch to the hypothalamus to signal it to stop the production of LH and ultimately lower testosterone levels (because the body wants balance).
Proopiomelanocortin-Derived Peptides in Testicular Interstitial Fluid: Characterization and Changes in Secretion after Human Chorionic Gonadotropin or Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone Analog Treatment
http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/endo-118-1-32
http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/endo-118-1-32
Anyway, this is where it gets more interesting - the administration of opioid antagonists like naloxone (or oral naltrexone) causes a significant increase in both the amplitude and the frequency of LH secretion.
Naloxone-induced increases in serum luteinizing hormone in the male: mechanisms of action.
http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/212/3/573.short
Effect of Endogenous Opioid Blockade on the Amplitude and Frequency of Pulsatile Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Normal Men
http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/jcem-54-4-854
Use of naltrexone as a provocative test for hypothalamic-pituitary hormone function
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0091305786903564
I think that adding low-dose naltrexone to our regimens could potentially be used on cycle to lessen the shutdown of the HPG axis or possibly be used during PCT to bring your endogenous testosterone back online faster and therefore keeping more of your gains. Food for thought bros. Anyone have any thoughts on this?